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Technical Resource:
Glossary
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Addition: Finely-divided inorganic material used in concrete in order to improve certain properties or to achieve special properties. Two types of inorganic additions are nearly-inert additions (Type I) and pozzolanic or latent hydraulic additions (Type II).
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Admixture: Material added during the mixing process of concrete, in small quantities related to the mass of cementitious binder, in order to modify the properties of fresh or hardened concrete.
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Binder: The combined cement and Type II addition.
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Filling ability: The ability of fresh concrete to flow into and fill all spaces within the formwork, under its own weight.
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Fines: See Powder
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Flowability: The ease of flow of fresh concrete when unconfined by formwork and/or reinforcement.
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Fluidity: The ease of flow of fresh concrete.
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Mortar: The fraction of the concrete comprising paste, plus those aggregates less than 4 mm.
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Paste: The fraction of the concrete comprising powder, water, and air, plus admixture if applicable.
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Passing ability: The ability of fresh concrete to flow through tight openings, such as spaces between steel reinforcing bars, without segregation or blocking.
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Powder (Fines): Material of particle size smaller than 0.125 mm. Note: It includes this size particle in the cement, additions, and aggregate.
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Proprietary concrete: Concrete for which the producer assures the performance subject to good practice in placing, compaction, and curing, and for which the producer is not required to declare the composition.
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Robustness: The capacity of concrete to retain its fresh properties when small variations in the properties or quantities of the constituent materials occur.
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Self-Consolidating Concrete (SCC): Concrete that is able to flow and consolidate/compact under its own weight, completely fill the formwork even in the presence of dense reinforcement, whilst maintaining homogeneity and without the need for any additional compaction.
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Segregation of resistance: The ability of concrete to remain homogeneous in composition while in its fresh state.
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Slump-Flow: The mean diameter of the spread of fresh concrete using a conventional slump cone.
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Thixotropy: The tendency of a material to progressively lose fluidity when allowed to rest undisturbed, but to regain its fluidity when energy is applied.
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Viscosity: The resistance to flow of a material once flow has started. Note: In SCC, it can be related to the speed of flow in the Slump-Flow test, or the efflux time in the V-Funnel test.
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Viscosity-Modifying Admixture (VMA): Admixture added to fresh concrete to increase cohesion and segregation resistance.
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